Published in August 2nd, 2010
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Ever since its inception in the 70s, Genomics has inspired several areas in life sciences to improve the human life conditions. This inspiration was given severity as the Human Genome Project was completed in 2003, and thus, scientists are one step ahead of their respective research. Genomics is the scientific study of the genes of organisms. It involves identifying and sequencing the genes, which upon completion is called a genome.
With the ease of availability of information of the genetic makeup an organism, several branches of science-including molecular medicine, DNA forensics, Risk Assessment, Bio-archaeology, Agriculture and Energy sources and environmental applications-seek to develop programs, techniques, strategies and solutions for the betterment of bio-diversity, accurate treatment of diseases, living a healthy lifestyle and eating nutritious and healthful foods.
Molecular Medicine. With genomics, the molecular medicine is expected to improve the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of diseases. There shall be an earlier detection of genetic pre-dispositions to disease even before the onset of its symptoms. The medicines can be custom-made according to the genetic makeup of an individual through pharmacogenomics or the scientific study of the relationship between drugs and the human genes and how genes react to certain drugs. There will be rational drug design, and gene therapy together with control systems for drugs.
DNA Forensics. The DNA Forensics likewise will see improvements in their research such as matching organ donors with recipients during transplant programs with ease and efficiency, establishing paternity and other familial relationships, identifying crime and victims of calamities with ease and efficiency, detecting bacteria and other organisms that can pollute our air, water, food and even soil.
With Genomics, any organism is possible to identify through investigating the DNA sequence distinct to that species.
Risk Assessment. Being able to fully understand the human genome improves the ability of the medical professional in assessing the risks to which individuals are predisposed by exposing them to the toxic agents. The medical scientists can precisely assess the health damage and its risks by exposure to radiation including the low dose, and mutagenic chemicals and some carcinogenic toxins. They can also mitigate the likelihood of mutations by heredity.
Bioarchaeology. Together with Anthropology, genomics enables scientist to investigate the mutations on the Y chromosomes to track down the lineage and migration of male species, examine the migration patterns of various population groups based on the genetic inheritance of the female species, and many more.
Agriculture.
In Agriculture, bio-processing and breeding of livestock animals, we can expect to have improvement and or development of products such as bio-pesticides, edible vaccines to be integrated into food products, more nutritious and healthier foods from plants and animals-like crops that are free of disease and chemicals-and new and safe environmental purposes for plants like tobacco.
Energy and Environmental Applications. The microbial genomics research makes possible for the creation of new energy sources such as biofuels, development of environmental techniques to monitor and detect pollutants to air, water, food and soil, development of sage and efficacious environmental remediation, and for safe sequestration of carbon.
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